how many grams in a cup of brown sugar?

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conversion reference

things people ask

• Why does brown sugar have to be packed when granulated sugar doesn't?
  Brown sugar's molasses film makes the crystals cling to each other in clumps with air pockets between them. Loosely spooned, those pockets dominate and you under-measure badly. Packing crushes the air out so the cup actually holds 213 g of sugar plus molasses. Granulated sugar flows freely and self-levels at a consistent density, so packing isn't part of its convention.
• Does light versus dark brown sugar change the cup weight?
  Not meaningfully. Dark brown sugar holds more molasses (about 6.5% versus 3.5% for light), but the difference at cup scale is within a couple of grams once packed. Most charts, including King Arthur's, list both at 213 g per packed cup. Use whichever the recipe calls for for flavor and color — the math doesn't shift.
• My brown sugar is rock-hard. Can I still measure a cup accurately?
  No — hardened brown sugar resists packing and traps large voids, so a measured cup will be lighter than 213 g and uneven in distribution through the dough. Soften it first: microwave with a damp paper towel in 20-second bursts, or seal it overnight with a slice of bread or an apple wedge. Once it's pliable again, pack and level normally.

related conversions

• Brown Sugar: tablespoons to grams
• Brown Sugar: teaspoons to grams
• Brown Sugar guide